What are the two functions of endodontic files?

• A. Remove the inflamed or dead nerve tissue and enlarge the root canal spaces
• B. Seal the tooth with temporary restoration
• C. Detect root canal anatomy
• D. Clean external surfaces of the tooth

Answer: (A)

Endodontic files are used to clean and shape the root canal system during root canal treatment. The two main functions are removing the inflamed or necrotic pulp tissue and enlarging the canal spaces. Removing tissue helps eliminate infectious material and reduces intra-canal inflammation, while enlarging the canals creates a shape that allows effective irrigation, disinfection, and proper obturation with filling material. Sealing the tooth with a temporary restoration, detecting root canal anatomy, or cleaning external tooth surfaces aren’t functions of these files, which is why the presented option best captures their primary roles.